Notes

  • Binary is a number system using 0’s and 1’s
  • it is the language of the computers.

Popcorn Hack 1

  1. This is binary
  2. This is not binary because it doesn’t include 1’s and 0’s
  3. 25 and the number is binary

Popcorn Hack 2

  1. 101+110 = 1011
  2. 1101 - 1011 = 010
  3. 111 + 1001 = 1110

Popcorn Hack 1

True becasue AND has higher priority than the OR

Popcorn Hack 2

False because the NOT operator is evaluated first and then the AND operator.

Popcorn Hack 3

True because the AND and NOT operators are evaluated first due to their high priority

Homework Hacks

Homework Hack 1: Binary Converter

Instructions:

  • Create a function to convert a decimal number to binary.
  • Create a function to convert a binary string back to decimal.
  • Test your functions with positive and negative numbers.

Code:

# Function to convert decimal to binary
def decimal_to_binary(n):
    if n >= 0:
        return bin(n)[2:]  # Remove the '0b' prefix
    else:
        return '-' + bin(n)[3:]  # Handle negative numbers

# Function to convert binary to decimal
def binary_to_decimal(b):
    if b.startswith('-'):
        return -int(b[1:], 2)
    else:
        return int(b, 2)

# Test Cases
print(decimal_to_binary(10))   # Output: 1010
print(binary_to_decimal("1010"))  # Output: 10
print(decimal_to_binary(-10))  # Output: -1010
print(binary_to_decimal("-1010"))  # Output: -10



```python
while difficulty != "easy" or difficulty != "medium" or difficulty != "hard":


import time

difficulty = input("Enter difficulty (easy, medium, hard): ").lower().strip()

while difficulty != "easy" and difficulty != "medium" and difficulty != "hard":
    print("Please enter a valid difficulty level.")
    difficulty = input("Enter difficulty (easy, medium, hard): ").lower().strip()
    time.sleep(0.5)

print("Difficulty set to:", difficulty)


grades = []

def add_grade(name: str, score: int):
    grades.append((name, score))

def calculate_average() -> float:
    total = 0
    for entry in grades:
        total += entry[1]
    return total / len(grades)

def main():
    while True:
        action = input("Type 'add' to add a grade, 'avg' to see average, or 'exit' to quit: ")
        if action == "add":
            name = input("Enter student name: ")
            score = int(input("Enter grade: "))
            add_grade(name, score)
            print(f"{name}'s grade added.")
        elif action == "avg":
            if grades:
                avg = calculate_average()
                print(f"Class average: {avg:.2f}")
            else:
                print("No grades yet.")
        elif action == "exit":
            print("Goodbye!")
            break
        else:
            print("Invalid input. Try again.")

main()

    

darsh's grade added.
robert's grade added.
avg's grade added.
Class average: 84.00
Goodbye!